The Lay Realtor
Primary Sources
“1930 United States Federal Census,” database with images, Ancestry. (https://www.ancestry
.com)
“Montgomery County Racial Covenants,” Google Docs. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/
d/1pbyH3p4P7skCeh2rkSLD1m2SZ3duVdreDdVw4Nh15x4/edit?usp=sharing.
Roanoke Times
Secondary Sources
Cox, Clara B. A Special Place for 200 Years: A History of Blacksburg, Virginia. Blacksburg: Town of Blacksburg, Virginia, 1998.
Cox, Karen L. Dixie’s Daughters: New Perspectives on the History of the South. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.
Freund, David M.P. Colored Property: State Policy and White Racial Politics in Suburban America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.
Glotzer, Paige. How the Suburbs Were Segregated: Developers and the Business of Exclusionary Housing, 1890-1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020.
Gonda, Jeffrey D. Unjust Deeds: The Restrictive Covenant Cases and the Making of the Civil Rights Movement. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
Vose, Clement E. Caucasians Only: The Supreme Court, The NAACP, and the Restrictive Covenant Cases. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1959.
Rethinking Corrigan v. Buckley
Black Communities in Montgomery County
Lasting Impact of Racially Restrictive Covenants (RRCs)
“(15) CORRIGAN v. BUCKLEY MADE IT ILLEGAL FOR WHITE PEOPLE TO SELL THEIR HOUSE TO AN ‘NWORD’. #deletelawz - YouTube.” Accessed May 2, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/
“Constitutional Law. Covenant Prohibiting Sale of Property to Negro Is Constitutional.” Virginia Law Review 11, no. 1 (1924): 68–69.
Gonda, Jeffrey D. Unjust Deeds: The Restrictive Covenant Cases and the Making of the Civil Rights Movement. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
Kahen, Harold I. “Validity of Anti-Negro Restrictive Covenants: A Reconsideration of the Problem.” The University of Chicago Law Review 12, no. 2 (February 1945): 198.
King, Martin Luther. “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” 1963.
Rose, Carol M. “Racially Restrictive Covenants—Were They Dignity Takings?” Law & Social Inquiry 41, no. 4 (2016): 939–55.
Vose, Clement E. Caucasians Only: The Supreme Court, the NAACP, and the Restrictive Covenant Cases. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1959. http://archive.org/details/caucasiansonlysu0006vose
Weaver, Robert C. “Housing in a Democracy.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 244, no. 1 (March 1, 1946): 95–105.
Cooke, Michael A. “Race Relations in Montgomery County, Virginia 1870-1990.” Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 4 (1992): 94–104. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41445626.
Virginia Department of Historic Resources. “Montgomery County Reconnaissance Survey, Volume I.” Special Collections. July 1986. Accessed May 8, 2025. https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/pdf_files/SpecialCollections/MY-057_Montgomery_Co_Recon_Survey_1986_CRMI_report_Vol_I.pdf
“Oral History with Christine P. Price, March 4, 1991 (Ms1991-019),” VT Special Collections and University Archives Online, accessed May 8, 2025, https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/items/show/13458.
Lasting Impact of Racially Restrictive Covenants
Rose, Carol M. “Racially Restrictive Covenants-Were They Dignity Takings?” Law & Social Inquiry 41, no. 4 (2016): 939–55.
Atuahene, Bernadette. “Dignity Takings and Dignity Restoration: Creating a New Theoretical Framework for Understanding Involuntary Property Loss and the Remedies Required.” Law & Social Inquiry 41, no. 4 (2016): 796–823. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26630887.
Special Collections and University Archives, University Libraries. “A Town Divided: Segregation and Montgomery County.” VT Special Collections and University Archives Online. Accessed May 8, 2025. https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/new-town-digital-exhibition/segregation?utm_source=chatgpt.com
West, Kristine, Elizabeth M Allen, Rachel Neiwert, Ava LaPlante, Anchee Nitschke Durben, and Victoria Delgado-Palma. “Lasting Legacy: The Enduring Relationship Between Racially Restrictive Housing Covenants and Health and Wellbeing.” Journal of Urban Health 101, no. 5 (2024): 1026–36.
Thompson, Cheryl W., Cristina Kim, Natalie Moore, Roxana Popescu, and Corinne Ruff. “Racial Covenants, a Relic of the Past, Are Still on the Books across the Country.” NPR, November 17, 2021. https://www.npr.org/2021/11/17/1049052531/racial-covenants-housing-discrimination